Bi₂O₃-Doped WO₃ Nanoparticles Decorated on rGO Sheets: Simple Synthesis, Characterization, Photocatalytic Performance, and Selective Cytotoxicity toward Human Cancer Cells

Graphene derivatives and metal oxide-based nanocomposites (NCs) are being studied for their diverse applications including gas sensing, environmental remediation, biomedicine. The aim of the present work was to evaluate effect rGO Bi2O3 integration on photocatalytic anticancer efficacy. A novel Bi2O3-WO3/rGO NCs successfully prepared via precipitation method. X-ray crystallography (XRD) data confirmed crystallographic structure phase composition samples. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) transmission (TEM) analysis loading Bi2O3-doped WO3 NPs sheets. Energy-dispersive (EDX) results that all elements carbon (C), oxygen (O), tungsten (W), bismuth (Bi) were in NCs. oxidation state presence elemental compositions verified by photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study. Raman spectra indicate a reduction carbon–oxygen functional groups an increase graphitic percentage group samples examined Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. UV showed band gap energy synthesized slightly decreased with doping. Photoluminescence (PL) recombination rate electron–hole pair dopants. Degradation RhB dye under light employed performance. have high activity degradation up 91%. Cytotoxicity studies addition enhance against human lung cancer cells (A549) colorectal (HCT116). Moreover, improved biocompatibility umbilical vein endothelial (HUVECs) than pure NPs. this particles decorated sheets display activity. preliminary warrants further research such environment medicine.